CASE STUDY #1

Case Study #: 1

Give an example OS (Specific) for each of the following categories of OS:

• Batch System
            A computer system that uses batch processing. 

Condor High-Throughput Computing System

Condor is an open source high-throughput computing software framework for coarse-grained distributed parallelization of computationally intensive tasks. It can be used to manage workload on a dedicated cluster of computers, and/or to farm out work to idle desktop computers — so-called cycle scavenging. Condor runs on Linux, UNIX, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, and contemporary Windows operating systems. Condor can seamlessly integrate both dedicated resources (rack-mounted clusters) and non-dedicated desktop machines (cycle scavenging) into one computing environment.

Condor was the scheduler software used to distribute jobs for the first draft assembly of the Human Genome.

·         •Interactive Systems 

      UNIX operating system

      Operating systems that allows user to use interactive programs, 
pretty much all operating systems that are on PCs are interactive OS's.

In 1977, ISC was the first commercial UNIX vendor, selling IS/1, a Version 6 Unix variant enhanced for office automation which ran on most PDP-11's. The later IS/3 and IS/5 were enhanced versions of System III and System V for PDP-11 and VAX.

            During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the influence of Unix in academic circles led to large-scale adoption of Unix (particularly of the BSD variant, originating from the University of California, Berkeley) by commercial startups, the most notable of which are Solaris, HP-UX and AIX. Today, in addition to certified Unix systems such as those already mentioned, Unix-like operating systems such as Linux and BSD descendants (FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD) are commonly encountered. The term "traditional Unix" may be used to describe a Unix or an operating system that has the characteristics of either Version 7 Unix or UNIX System V.

·         •Real-time systems

     Transaction Processing Facility

Transaction Processing Facility is an IBM real-time operating system for mainframes descended from the IBM System/360 family, including zSeries and System z9. The name is initialism for Transaction Processing Facility.

TPF evolved from the Airlines Control Program (ACP), a free package developed in the mid-1960s by IBM in association with major North American and European airlines. In 1979, IBM introduced TPF as a replacement for ACP — and as a priced software product. The new name suggests its greater scope and evolution into non-airline related entities.

Current users include Sabre (reservations), Amadeus (reservations), VISA Inc (authorizations), American Express (authorizations), EDS SHARES (reservations), Holiday Inn (central reservations), CBOE (order routing), Singapore Airlines, KLM, Qantas, Amtrak, Marriott International, Travelport and the NYPD (911 system).

·         •Hybrid Systems

NeXTSTEP operating system

NeXT Computer Inc. is named the company that was set up by Steve Jobs in 1985. Steve Jobs was previous at Apple and made independently with the company NeXT. The company NeXT was taken by Apple completely for 400 million dollars later. The developed operating system NEXTSTEP is UNIX related and also contains parts of the BSD and the Mach Kernel, therefore it is compatibly to BSD (4.2 BSD release). In 1990 the first web server and client in the CERN was set up on a NeXTStep system available. NeXTStep was used on special computers, x86 CPUs and Motorola CPUs were supported.

NeXTSTEP   is a multitasking operating system that was developed by NeXT Computer to run on its range of proprietary workstation computers, such as the NeXTcube, and later, other computer architectures.

NeXTSTEP was a combination of several parts:

§  a Unix-like operating system based on the Mach kernel, plus source code from BSD

§  Display PostScript and a windowing engine

§  the Objective-C language and runtime

§  an object-oriented (OO) application layer, including several "kits"

§  development tools for the OO layers

·         •Embedded Systems

Symbian Operating System

Symbian OS is one of Nokia's mobile operating systems for mobile devices and smart phones, with associated libraries, user interface, frameworks and reference implementations of common tools, originally developed by Symbian Ltd. It is a descendant of Psion's EPOC and runs exclusively on ARM processors, although an unreleased x86 port existed.

In 2008, the former Symbian Software Limited was acquired by Nokia and a new independent non-profit organisation called the Symbian Foundation was established. Symbian OS and its associated user interfaces S60, UIQ and MOAP(S) were contributed by their owners to the foundation with the objective of creating the Symbian platform as royalty-free, open source software. The platform has been designated as the successor to Symbian OS, following the official launch of the Symbian Foundation in April 2009. The Symbian platform was officially made available as open source code in February 2010.

Symbian OS was created with three systems design principles in mind:

§  the integrity and security of user data is paramount,

§  user time must not be wasted, and

§  All resources are scarce.